Carbon Stewardship: Harnessing Biomass, Recycling & Capture for a Sustainable Future

Potential re-entry levels for textiles in a circular economy

Saal A
Donnerstag, 11.09.2025, 16:20 - 16:40 Uhr

Post-consumer textiles, composed of complex biogenic and synthetic materials, require various recycling technologies at different re-entry stages, ranging from direct textile reuse to decomposition into monomers. This communication addresses the complex nature of textile recycling, comparing state-of-the-art technologies at each stage of reintegrating materials into textile production, assessing their individual benefits within a potential circular economy.

Sprecher
Sebastian Rosenbusch (TU Wien)
The textile industry is one of the most polluting industries worldwide regarding CO2 emissions, waste production and toxic by-products, which is why textile recycling is a key factor in achieving a more sustainable future with fewer emissions and reduced resource consumption. The recirculation of post-consumer textiles is possible at various re-entry points in the production line, but energy consumption rises as the production chain lengthens due to repeated processes needed to create a new product. Since post-consumer textiles consist of a complex and variable composition of mixed materials, including both biogenic and synthetic components, a combination of multiple recycling technologies on all re-entry stages is necessary to efficiently achieve a high recycling rate. On re-entry stage 0, recycling is performed on a textile level, repurposing textiles like truck tarpaulins to preserve the durability of the material. On re-entry stage 1, recycling is performed on a fibre level, which typically involves shredding and tearing the fabric, breaking it down into fibres. On re-entry stage 2, recycling is performed on a polymer level which includes natural polymers like cellulose and man-made polymers like PET and PA. On re-entry stage 3, recycling is performed on a monomer level, following either monomer-specific (e.g. isolating ε-caprolactam) or non-specific approaches (e.g. thermochemical cracking). This communication addresses the complex nature of textile waste, highlighting the need for specialized collection and sorting systems, which are currently inadequate for efficient recycling. Different recycling loops are presented, outlining their advantages and disadvantages.